POINTERS IN C

POINTERS

         POINTER IS A VARIABLE THAT STORE OR POINTS THE ADDRESS OF ANOTHER VARIABLE. POINTER CONTAIN MEMORY ADDRESSES AS THEIR VALUES. POINTER CAN BE USED TO ACCESS AND MANIPULATE DATA STORED IN THE MEMORY.







GENERAL FORM :


 DATA_TYPE   VARIABLE_NAME;


EXAMPLE :

INT * T;

CHAR * T;
 


          HERE * IS USED TO DENOTE THAT ' T ' IS POINTER VARIABLE AND NOT A NORMAL VARIABLE.



EXAMPLE :

# include< stdio.h >
# include< conio.h >
void main( )
{
int * p,v;
v = 10;
clrscr( );
printf("\nVariable = %d",v);
p = &c;
printf("Address of variable = %d",*p);
getch( );
}

ACCESSING ADDRESS OF A VARIABLE

        THIS CAN BE DONE WITH THE HELP OF & OPERATOR IN C. THE & OPERATOR IMMEDIATELY PRECEDING A VARIABLE RETURN THE ADDRESS OF THE VARIABLE ASSOCIATED WITH IT.






EXAMPLE :

X = & PRICE;

DECLARING POINTER VARIABLE

     POINTER VARIABLE CONTAINS ADDRESSES THAT BELONGS TO A DATA TYPE. DATA TYPE OF A POINTER MUST BE SAME AS THE DATA TYPE OF THE VARIABLE TO WHICH POINTER IS POINTING.





SYNTAX :

DATA_TYPE  PT_ NAME;

EXAMPLE :

INT * X;

FLOAT * P;

INITIALIZATION OF POINTER VARIABLE

       THE PROCESS OF ASSIGNING THE ADDRESS OF A VARIABLE TO A POINTER VARIABLE IS KNOWN AS INITIALIZATION. POINTER VARIABLE CAN ONLY CONTAIN ADDRESS OF THE SAME DATA TYPE. THE & OPERATOR IS USED TO DETERMINE THE ADDRESS OF A VARIABLE. THE & OPERATOR RETURNS THE ADDRESS OF THE VARIABLE ASSOCIATED WITH IT.






EXAMPLE  :

# include < stdio.h >
# include < conio.h >
void main( )
{
int  b = 10;
int * p;         // pointer declaration
p = & b;      // pointer  initialization
getch( );
}

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